Practical Linux Tutorials and Command-Line Guides

Search hundreds of step-by-step tutorials for Bash, Ubuntu, networking, security, and more.

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Oct 16, 2026 • 11 min read

Bash Functions

How to define and use Bash functions, pass arguments, return values, and apply best practices for writing cleaner and more maintainable scripts.

Mar 12, 2026 • 8 min read

Bash read Command

The Bash read command reads a line from standard input and splits it into variables. This guide covers IFS, prompts, silent input, timeouts, arrays, file reading, and practical script examples.

GZ file icon beside the text unzip .gz file on a yellow background

Jul 17, 2026 • 4 min read

How to Unzip a .gz File in Linux

Unzip a .gz file in Linux with gzip or gunzip, keep the original file when needed, and extract .tar.gz archives with tar.

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Oct 21, 2026 • 13 min read

Debian vs Ubuntu Server: Which One Should You Use?

Debian 13 vs Ubuntu Server 26.04 LTS: release cycles, support windows, package versions, install defaults, security, and cloud support compared side by side.

Oct 21, 2026 • 6 min read • new

Debian Versions: Release History, Codenames, and Support Dates

Debian versions from Buzz to Trixie, with release dates, codenames, and support timelines. Compare stable, testing, unstable, LTS, and paid ELTS coverage.

Archive dividers labeled with Debian versions 11, 12, 13, and 14, with version 13 highlighted in teal

Oct 21, 2026 • 9 min read • series

How to Compare Strings in Bash

Bash string comparison using equal, not equal, regex, and pattern matching operators. Includes examples for empty strings, case-insensitive matching, and substrings.

Oct 20, 2026 • 10 min read • series

SSH SOCKS Proxy: Create a SOCKS5 Tunnel for Browsing

Create an SSH SOCKS proxy with a SOCKS5 tunnel, configure Firefox or Chrome to use it, proxy DNS requests, and verify the browser exits through your SSH server.

Set up SSH SOCKS Tunnel for Private Browsing

Oct 20, 2026 • 7 min read • new

apt update vs apt upgrade vs apt full-upgrade

Compare apt update, apt upgrade, and apt full-upgrade on Ubuntu and Debian. See which command refreshes package lists, installs updates, or can remove packages.

Repository index and software package blocks illustrating apt update, apt upgrade, and apt full-upgrade

Oct 20, 2026 • 8 min read

gzip Command in Linux

Compress and decompress files with the gzip command in Linux. Covers keeping originals, compression levels, directories, listing, and testing .gz files.

Oct 19, 2026 • 7 min read • new

Nginx 413 Request Entity Too Large: client_max_body_size Fix

Fix the Nginx 413 Request Entity Too Large error: raise client_max_body_size in the right context and match the PHP-FPM upload limits.

Green Nginx emblem above the text Nginx 413 Error and client_max_body_size

Oct 19, 2026 • 11 min read • series

usermod Command in Linux: Modify User Accounts and Groups

Modify Linux user accounts with usermod: add users to groups with -aG, change the shell or home directory, rename users, set passwords, and lock accounts.