Practical Linux Tutorials and Command-Line Guides

Search hundreds of step-by-step tutorials for Bash, Ubuntu, networking, security, and more.

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Using the curl command in Linux to transfer data and query APIs

Jul 12, 2026 • 11 min read

curl Command in Linux: Usage and Examples

The curl command transfers data to and from servers using HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, and other protocols. This guide covers downloads, headers, POST requests, verbose debugging, proxies, and API usage.

Apr 4, 2026 • 6 min read

Bash Functions

How to define and use Bash functions, pass arguments, return values, and apply best practices for writing cleaner and more maintainable scripts.

Apr 24, 2026 • 5 min read

gzip Command in Linux

Step-by-step examples for compressing and decompressing files with the gzip command in Linux, covering the most useful options.

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Oct 6, 2026 • 5 min read

How to Convert Integer into String in Python

Convert an int to a str in Python with str(), f-strings, and format(), add leading zeros, build binary or hex strings, and join a list of numbers.

Oct 6, 2026 • 5 min read

How to Convert Strings to Integers in Python

Convert strings to integers in Python with int(), handle invalid input, remove separators, and parse binary, octal, and hexadecimal values.

Oct 6, 2026 • 14 min read • new

How to Resize and Extend a Linux Partition and Filesystem

Extend a Linux partition and grow ext4, XFS, Btrfs, or LVM storage after a disk resize, with layout checks, safe ext4 shrink steps, and troubleshooting.

Partition and filesystem layers expanding into free space in a storage tray

Oct 5, 2026 • 14 min read

Linux ip Command with Examples

How to use the Linux ip command to show and assign IP addresses, bring interfaces up or down, and manage routes, with ip a and ip -br output explained.

Oct 5, 2026 • 9 min read • series

chown Command in Linux: Change File Ownership

Use the chown command in Linux to change file and directory ownership, including recursive changes, symbolic links, and practical ownership examples.

Oct 5, 2026 • 7 min read

How to Create a Directory in Linux: mkdir Command Examples

Create single, multiple, and nested directories in Linux with mkdir, set permissions with -m, and fix 'Permission denied' and 'No such file or directory' errors.

Creating directories in Linux with the mkdir command

Oct 4, 2026 • 10 min read • new

sqlite3 Command Line: Create and Query SQLite Databases

Create and query SQLite databases with sqlite3 on Linux. Import CSV files, format query results, and back up or restore your data.

SQLite database file labeled tasks.db with a SELECT query and a table of rows

Oct 4, 2026 • 11 min read

How to Check CPU Usage in Linux

This guide explains how to check CPU usage in Linux with top, htop, mpstat, vmstat, sar, ps, uptime, and per-core load tools.

Checking CPU usage in Linux with terminal monitoring tools

Oct 4, 2026 • 11 min read

modprobe Command in Linux: Load and Manage Kernel Modules

modprobe adds and removes Linux kernel modules along with their dependencies. See how to pass parameters, blacklist drivers, load modules at boot, and fix errors.

Gold hexagonal tiles with terminal and gear icons and the label modprobe command

Oct 3, 2026 • 11 min read

503 Service Unavailable Error: Causes and How to Fix It

The 503 Service Unavailable error means the server cannot handle your request right now. This guide explains what causes it on Nginx, Apache, and load balancers, and how to fix it.