Practical Linux Tutorials and Command-Line Guides

Search hundreds of step-by-step tutorials for Bash, Ubuntu, networking, security, and more.

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Jun 16, 2026 • 8 min read

How to Mount an NFS Share in Linux

Step-by-step instructions for mounting an NFS share in Linux: install the client, mount manually, persist with /etc/fstab, and troubleshoot common errors.

Apr 4, 2026 • 6 min read

Bash Functions

How to define and use Bash functions, pass arguments, return values, and apply best practices for writing cleaner and more maintainable scripts.

ln command in Linux for creating symbolic links

Apr 30, 2026 • 10 min read

ln Command in Linux: Create Symbolic Links

The ln command creates symbolic links on Linux, giving you a stable name that points to a moving target. This guide covers creating, updating, and cleaning up symlinks, plus the -sfn pattern used for atomic deploys.

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Jun 21, 2026 • 13 min read • new

PostgreSQL Backup and Restore with pg_dump and pg_restore

Use pg_dump, pg_restore, and pg_dumpall to back up and restore PostgreSQL databases, including custom formats, parallel jobs, remote hosts, and test restores.

Database archive with bidirectional arrows illustrating PostgreSQL backup and restore

Jun 21, 2026 • 5 min read

How to Install pip on Debian 11, 12, and 13

Step-by-step instructions for installing pip3 on Debian 11, 12, and 13 using apt, with examples for installing, upgrading, and removing Python packages.

Install Python pip on Debian 11, 12, and 13

Jun 20, 2026 • 5 min read

pip vs apt: Installing Python Packages on Linux

This guide explains when to use pip or apt for Python packages on Ubuntu and Debian, why sudo pip install is risky, and where virtual environments fit.

pip and apt package manager cards for Python packages on Linux

Jun 20, 2026 • 4 min read

How to Install Python Pip on Ubuntu

Install pip on Ubuntu with a single apt command. Covers python3-pip setup, virtual environments, and common pip commands for managing Python packages.

Jun 20, 2026 • 5 min read • series

/etc/passwd in Linux: File Format and Fields Explained

The cat /etc/passwd command displays local Linux accounts. This guide explains its seven fields and when to use getent passwd instead.

Padlock illustration labeled /etc/passwd

Jun 20, 2026 • 7 min read • series

Bash Exit Command and Exit Codes

The Bash exit command terminates a shell or script and returns an exit code. This guide covers exit status, the $? variable, exit code conventions, set -e, and practical script examples.

Jun 20, 2026 • 6 min read • new

TCP vs UDP: Differences and When to Use Each

Compare TCP vs UDP reliability, ordering, overhead, common ports, and use cases, with Linux ss commands for checking which transport a service uses.

Comparing the TCP and UDP transport protocols in Linux networking

Jun 20, 2026 • 7 min read

at Command in Linux: Schedule One-Time Tasks

The at command schedules one-time tasks to run at a specific time in Linux. This guide covers syntax, time formats, batch jobs, listing and removing jobs, and user restrictions.

Scheduling one-time tasks with the at command in Linux

Jun 19, 2026 • 5 min read

How to Add a Git Remote

Add a new remote to a Git repository with git remote add, then list, inspect, and push to it. Includes common errors and a git remote command reference.

Jun 19, 2026 • 9 min read • new

rsync Incremental Backups with --link-dest

Create space-efficient rsync incremental backups with --link-dest. Each dated snapshot remains directly browsable while unchanged files share disk space.