Articles by Dejan Panovski
How to Get and Change the Current Working Directory in Python
Use os.getcwd() to get the current working directory in Python, and os.chdir(path) to change it. This guide covers both the os and pathlib approaches with examples.
How to Start, Stop, or Restart Nginx
Learn how to start, stop, restart, and reload Nginx using systemctl on Linux. Includes the reload vs restart difference, configuration testing, and autostart setup.
sort Command in Linux: Sort Lines of Text
The sort command sorts lines of text files alphabetically or numerically. This guide covers sorting by column, reverse order, unique lines, and combining sort with other commands.
wall Command in Linux: Broadcast Messages to Logged-In Users
The wall command broadcasts a message to the terminals of all logged-in users in Linux. This guide covers sending messages from arguments, files, and pipes, with group targeting and banner control.
How to Increment and Decrement a Variable in Bash: Counter Examples
Bash provides several ways to increment and decrement a counter variable in scripts. This guide covers the +/- operators, += and -= assignment operators, and the ++ and -- shorthand with practical examples.
journalctl Command in Linux: Query and Filter System Logs
journalctl queries the systemd journal and lets you filter logs by unit, time, priority, boot, and process. This guide covers the most useful journalctl options with practical examples.
stat Command in Linux: Display File and Filesystem Information
The stat command displays detailed file and filesystem information in Linux, including size, permissions, inode number, and timestamps. This guide covers all major stat options with examples.
How to Create Groups in Linux: groupadd Command
This guide explains how to create groups in Linux using the groupadd command, including how to set a custom GID, create system groups, and manage group options.
touch Command in Linux: Create Files and Update Timestamps
The touch command creates empty files and updates file timestamps in Linux. This guide covers access time, modification time, custom timestamps, and reference file usage.
Bash Arrays
A complete guide to Bash arrays: create indexed and associative arrays, access elements, loop, slice, add and remove items, and check array length.
How to Create a File in Linux
Several ways to create a file in Linux from the command line: touch, redirection, cat, echo, printf, heredoc, and text editors. Includes examples for each method.
at Command in Linux: Schedule One-Time Tasks
The at command schedules one-time tasks to run at a specific time in Linux. This guide covers syntax, time formats, batch jobs, listing and removing jobs, and user restrictions.
which Command in Linux: Find Executable Locations
The which command locates executables by searching the directories in your PATH. This guide covers syntax, options, and how which compares to type, whereis, and command -v.
PHP Error Reporting: Enable, Display, and Log Errors
Step-by-step instructions for configuring PHP error reporting. Covers error levels, display_errors, error_log, php.ini settings, and runtime configuration with error_reporting().
How to Create a tar.gz File in Linux
Step-by-step instructions for creating tar.gz files in Linux using the tar command. Covers single files, directories, wildcards, and excluding files.
Rsync Command in Linux with Examples
Learn how to use the rsync command to sync files and directories locally and remotely. Covers common options, remote transfers, dry run, exclusions, and troubleshooting.
Linux patch Command: Apply Diff Files
The patch command applies diff files to original files in Linux. This guide covers basic usage, strip paths, dry run, backup, and reversing patches with examples.
Linux basename Command: Strip Directory and Suffix from File Names
The basename command strips the directory path and optional suffix from a file name. This guide covers all basename options with practical examples.
Linux uname Command: Print System Information
The uname command prints kernel name, version, architecture, and hostname. This guide covers all uname options with examples and practical scripting uses.
.bashrc vs .bash_profile: What is the Difference?
Understand the difference between .bashrc and .bash_profile, when each file is loaded, and where to put aliases, PATH changes, and environment variables.
