Articles by Dejan Panovski
Bash Functions
How to define and use Bash functions, pass arguments, return values, and apply best practices for writing cleaner and more maintainable scripts.
Create a Linux Swap File
How to create and enable a swap file on Linux, configure swappiness, resize an existing swap file, and remove it when no longer needed.
How to Upgrade Debian 12 to Debian 13 Trixie
Step-by-step instructions for upgrading Debian 12 Bookworm to Debian 13 Trixie, including sources.list changes, package upgrades, and post-upgrade verification.
Bash if...else Statement
A complete guide to Bash if, if...else, and if...elif...else statements with practical examples, test operators, and one-line syntax.
Nginx Server Blocks on Ubuntu: Host Multiple Websites
Set up Nginx server blocks on Ubuntu to host multiple websites on a single server, each with its own document root, logs, and configuration.
nmap Command in Linux with Practical Examples
Use the nmap command in Linux to discover hosts, scan ports, detect services, and understand common scan options such as -sn, -Pn, and -sV.
lsof Command in Linux: List Open Files and Network Connections
The lsof command lists every open file, socket, and network connection on a Linux system. This guide covers how to find what is using a port, trace open files by process or user, and recover disk space from deleted but held-open files.
How to Check for Listening Ports in Linux: Find Open and Used Ports
Use ss, netstat, or lsof to list all listening ports in Linux, identify which process is using a specific port, and filter results by protocol or port number.
How to Unzip Files in Linux
A practical guide to the unzip command: extract ZIP files to a specific directory, handle password-protected archives, list archive contents, and use common flags like -o, -n, -d, and -j.
How to Use Nano, the Linux Command Line Text Editor
Learn the essential nano commands and keyboard shortcuts: open, save, and exit files, search and replace text, copy and paste, and use sudo nano to edit system files.
id Command in Linux: Display User and Group Information
The id command prints real and effective user IDs, group IDs, and supplemental group memberships for any user on a Linux system.
sed Delete Lines: Remove Lines by Number, Pattern, or Range
Remove lines from files with sed using line numbers, patterns, ranges, and regular expressions. Covers preview mode, in-place editing, and common recipes.
How to Rename Directories in Linux
Rename single or multiple directories from the Linux command line using the mv command, for loops, and the rename utility.
How to Check Java Version
Find out which Java version is installed on your system, check the JDK compiler version, and manage multiple Java installations from the command line.
How to Check Linux Version
Find which Linux distribution and version is installed on your system using /etc/os-release, lsb_release, hostnamectl, and other command-line methods.
w Command in Linux: Show Logged-In Users and Activity
Learn how to use the w command in Linux to see logged-in users, idle time, load averages, and what each user is doing.
sysctl Command in Linux: View and Change Kernel Parameters
Learn how to use the sysctl command to view, set, and persist Linux kernel parameters, with practical examples for common settings.
Install xrdp on Raspberry Pi: Remote Desktop Setup Guide
Set up xrdp on Raspberry Pi OS and connect over Remote Desktop from Windows, macOS, or Linux. Includes desktop install steps and first login.
How to Set Git Username and Email with git config
Set Git username and email with git config, both globally and per repository, check the current values, and update existing settings.
How to Unzip a .gz File in Linux
Unzip a .gz file in Linux with gzip or gunzip, keep the original file when needed, and extract .tar.gz archives with tar.
